Peinture a la chaux 

Extracted from "Techniques et pratique de la chaux"
Ecole d'Avignon
éd. Eyrolles
CHOICE OF BINDER

It depends on the support and the condition of application. In general terms, on non-absorbing supports, therefore not easily moist and in mediocre conditions of application (wind, high temperature...), the use of a binder with a quick-setting (natural hydraulic lime) is favored. A non-hydraulic lime, on the other hand, allows to keep its lime milk. This is even more important on large surface. The presented sample had been made with powder non-hydraulic lime.

· CHOICE OF LIME MILK
  The whitewash (1 volume of lime, for 2 to 3 volume of water) is masking, it fills the pores and mask the surface of the support to make it smoother.

The coloration of the whitewash is accomplished with minerals pigments, the quantity is calculated regarding the weight of the lime.

For the whitewash, the maximum is 25% of the lime weight for the natural pigments, and 15% for the oxides.

Diluted lime (1 volume of lime, for 5 to 6 volume of water) looks more like watercolor, is more transparent.

We can, depending on the withewash add a bigger pigment percentage : up to 65% of the lime weight for the natural pigments, 35% for the oxides.


STABILISATION
  A quantity too important of pigments in the lime milk make it more breakable.
In that case we stabilize the lime milk with a complementary binder (Acrylic, vinyl...).We consider that the lime milk containts additives from 20% of natural pigments, or 10% of oxide.

The addition to lime milk is made on a basis of 5 to 10% of resin weight regarding the mass to stabilize. The addition of resin has a tendency to reduce the porosity of lime milk.

Aqueous dispersion types of resins are added to diluted lime sample.


THE PIGMENTS
  The naturals pigments : yellow and red ochre ; sienna and burnt sienna. They are used since antiquity.

Artificials pigments : yellow, red, blue and green oxides. They are used since the XIXth century.

These pigments are compatibles with lime and can be mixed together.


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