Adjuvant

Product added to the mortar in low quantities in order to improve some properties. There is two kinds of adjuvant, the one modifying the characteristic of the mortar before its used, on the ones for mortar that is already in place (performances improvement)

A Fresco

Technique consisting in the application of lime milk on a "fresh" coating, meaning it has barely started taking.

A Secco

Technique consisting of the application of the lime milk on a coating support with its taking done. (opposite of a fresco)

Aerial

Character of a lime that take with carbon dioxide.

Aerial Lime

Lime with the property of taking with air, through a reaction with carbon dioxide. Also called fat lime, from the properties of plasticity and smoothness of mortars using aerial lime.

Aggregate

Inert material, often from a mineral origin (silica, chalk), used for mortars, to form the load : sand, gravels, rolled stone from riverbed, or coming from quarry.

Air trainer

Adjuvant who helps the formation of water bubbles in mortars.

Aluminate

Salt formed from aluminium. Contributes through calcination to calcium carbonates and hydraulicity of limes.

Artificial Hydraulic Lime

Artificial binder, similar to cements.

Average Lime

Lime with the particularity of taking with a low part of water. It is a poorly hydraulic water.

Berthelet

Tool with two cutting sides. A smooth one, and a brettell one, used to cut plaster and lime coating.

Binder

The binder of a mortar is the matter that ensure the liaison between each composant of the mortar.

Blooms

Cristals formed on the surface of stone or coating parements, by the evaporation of water filled with salts.

Broken Tile

Fragments of bricks, crushed terracotta.

Calcinate

The process of calcining, heating a substance to a high temperature. From the latin "calcis" that designate the transformation of limestone into lime under the action of heat.

Calcium Carbonate

See limestone

Calcium Hydroxide

See slaked lime.

Calcium Oxide

See quicklime.

Calibre

Profiling tool for moldings, template.

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide (CO2). It takes parts in the taking of aerial binders.

Carbonatation

Transformation process, from carbonique acid to carbonate. The operation of "taking" of an aerial lime.

Casein

Main milk protein (30 g per liter), used for its important sticking potential.

Cement

Binder obtained through mix and calcination of composants (chalks, fillers, clinkers, pouzzolane, laitiers, cendres,...).

Coating

Exterior treatment, composed from one or more layer of plastic material, aimed at the protection and the appearence of the covered building.

Compacting

Action of compacting a coat in order to ram the mortar with the objective of closing the porosity, enhance the finishing and prevent the fissuration.

Concrete

Agglomerate of stone, gravel, sand, united by a binder. The difference with mortar is the size of the aggregates.

Covering

Property of a lime milk, to cover a surface in an opaque way.

Crazing

Micro fissuration of a coating, generaly due to a binder overdosage, quick mortar dessiccation or a fines excess.

Etching

Lime milk very diluted or lime tempera. Formed by 1 volume of lime for 6 to 8 volumes of water.

Extinction

Operation consisting of going from quicklime to slaked lime through hydratation (addition of water). This exothermic reaction comes with a volume augmentation.